Participants

Their imply age are M = thirty-two.7; SD = , decades varied of 18 in order to 69 age. Every professionals volunteered to engage in the study through to told agree, and additionally they failed to receive compensation (economic or else) for their involvement. All the experiments exhibited from the paper was indeed authorized by the Integrity Panel of one’s Jagiellonian School Institute off Used Therapy

Material and you can Procedure

I put a similarity judgment task such as for example inside the Vigliocco mais aussi al. (2005), and that consisted of to present players that have triads from nouns. New nouns forming the brand new triads belonged to a single away from around three categories: conceptual nouns (age.g., structure, time), conditions writing on inanimate objects and you will words writing on dogs. For each and every triad contained nouns from category, we.e., animals were not mixed with inanimate stuff and you can/otherwise conceptual information. The whole listing of stimulus try showed inside the Appendix 2.

Per triad contains a few nouns of the same grammatical gender (several women or a couple masculine) plus one noun of some other grammatical gender. Thus for every single triad got both new MMF framework (a couple of male terms plus one feminine word) or FFM build (a few women terms and conditions and another masculine word) – inside randomized acquisition. The latest nouns building the fresh new triad belonged to just one from around three categories: 16 abstract nouns, eg: big date (Meters in Shine), form (F in the Gloss); 16 inanimate stuff, eg: key (M), needle (F); several terms dealing with pet, such as: bison (M), zebra (F). As well as feel detailed, i used a lot fewer animals (12). Which resulted regarding fact that we implemented tight solutions standards. To start with, these were creature brands which have a particular grammatical gender, however, of those that do not imply the brand new physical sex of one’s animal, which means same keyword refers to both the male and you can women of brand of animal. Including the terminology lew (lion) and you can lwica (lioness) would-be averted, while they demonstrably mean the latest animal’s physiological gender, restricting brand new stimulus in order to terms instance zyrafa (and this indicates each other a female and male giraffe). Secondly, i selected pet which do not keeps discover here unique has actually that could become an obvious standards for choosing one or two items from inside the an excellent triad (age.grams., if a few dogs originated in Africa and something about Snowy System, then the place of resource can potentially getting good criterion to own categorization). Similarly, if the there were a couple animals and another reptile about triad, upcoming this might get to be the criterion preference. Therefore we selected pets which most of the belonged with the group of unique also-toed ungulates. The decision standard was the latest similarity in features, behavior additionally the environment of pet. To other form of nouns, we used a similar rule. Therefore, i prevented facts in which a couple of belongings in good triad might have an obvious preferred function, which could be used as the an effective categorization requirement. A special inclusion specifications are high term use volume, to avoid a considerate studies of your own meaning of the terms that may take place to own unfamiliar nouns, that will result in a conscious access to grammatical gender whenever conducting the job (along the lines of I’m not sure brand new definitions of words but they are each other feminine).

We used counterbalancing in order to make sure that some other term combos would be utilized. Triads was indeed developed having fun with all of the you’ll be able to three-noun combinations (with reps) within per group, yielding 153 triads having abstract nouns and you may items per, and you can 91 triads getting animals. Away from these available triads, we written seven set for the conceptual terminology and you may artifacts (64 triads for every single) and cuatro kits getting pets (forty five triads for each and every). In the event of animals there had been less categories of triads, as fewer terminology passed the fresh new tight choices process demonstrated a lot more than (6 masculine gender words and you can six feminine gender words).